PITTSBURGH, PA.- The Andy Warhol Museum opened a major international exhibition featuring two significant artists of the 20th and 21st centuries—Andy Warhol and Ai Weiwei— June 4, 2016. The exhibition opened at the National Gallery of Victoria (NGV) in Melbourne, Australia, on December 11, 2015, to record-breaking attendance.

Andy Warhol | Ai Weiwei, developed by The Warhol and the NGV, with the participation of Ai Weiwei, explores the significant influence of these two artists on modern and contemporary life, focusing on the parallels, intersections, and points of difference between their practices—Warhol representing 20th-century modernity and the “American century,” and Ai representing life in the 21st century and what has been called the “Chinese century” to come.

“This project is perhaps the most important exhibition The Warhol has ever taken on. No two artists changed—or in the case of Ai Weiwei, is changing—the very fabric of his time and place more than Andy Warhol and Ai Weiwei,” says The Warhol’s Director Eric Shiner. “Both artists call into question what art can and should be, and both overcame nearly invincible odds to rise to the top of the art world thanks to their creative rebellion. We are honored to bring them together here in Pittsburgh.”

Each artist is recognized for his distinctive approach to ideas of artistic value and studio production. Warhol’s Factory was known for its experimentation and inclusivity, bringing together artists and poets, film-makers and musicians, bohemians and intellectuals, as well as for the serial production of silkscreen paintings, films, television, music, and publishing.

Ai’s studio is renowned for its interdisciplinary approach, post-industrial modes of production, engagement with teams of assistants and collaborators, and strategic use of communications technology and social media. Both artists have been equally critical in redefining the role of the artist and are known for their observation and documentation of contemporary society and everyday life.

At The Warhol, the exhibition creates a dialogue between the artists, throughout the seven floors of the building. Warhol and Ai share a capacity to engage a multitude of media, using it as a means to become acute observers of contemporary culture and politics. Visitors experience more than 350 works in drawing, film, new media, photography, painting, sculpture, wallpapers, and publishing, including some of the major contributions by both artists, each of whom is as famous for his artistic persona as for the work he produced.

Repetition and the readymade are important to both artists’ practices, and Marcel Duchamp’s influence is explored though the association of such works as Warhol’s Brillo Boxes (1964) and Ai’s Tea Brick (2006). Surveillance and the state is a prominent theme, revealed in Warhol’s Little Electric Chair (1964–65) and Ai’s marble Surveillance Camera (2010), portraits from Warhol’s Most Wanted Men series (1964), and Ai’s Study of perspective series (1995–2003), in which the artist makes provocative gestures at state monuments, situated among other works with similar themes.

A more playful side of the artists is discovered through their shared appreciation for cats—Warhol’s 1950s cat drawings appear alongside photographs of the artist and his cat—and they play an important role in both artists’ practices. Additional dialogues are created with the artists’ photographs, early drawings, works exploring ideas of glamour and beauty, and the use of flowers in both artists’ work.

The moving image is also important to the artistic practices of both artists. Warhol, famously interested in extended duration, turned his camera on New York City icon The Empire State Building in his eight-hour film Empire (1964). Ai chose to focus on Beijing’s celebrated ring roads as well as the Chang’an Jie, or the Avenue of Eternal Peace, which cuts across the roads through the heart of the city, Tiananmen Square. The exhibition includes Ai’s 10-hour video Chang’an Boulevard (2004), as well as his shorter recordings Beijing: The Second Ring (2005) and Beijing: The Third Ring (2005). His music video Dumbass (2013) is also shown.