THE QASHQAI WEAVERS, SPIRITED NOMADS (PART 1)
The First Art Newspaper on the Net    Established in 1996 Tuesday, November 5, 2024


THE QASHQAI WEAVERS, SPIRITED NOMADS (PART 1)
High Collectible, 19th-century Qashqai (5' x 6'-6").

By Jan David Winitz, President & founder
Claremont Rug Company



OAKLAND, CA.- Weavers of highly desired antique Persian tribal rugs, the Qashqai people possess history and culture rich in both struggle and inspiration. It is the combination of these two elements which give their antique rugs their unusual sense of spontaneity and aliveness.

In this first installment of a two-part series, I will relate some of the stories of the Qashqai (pronounced Ghash-gha-ee) and how their historical migration patterns and the seasonal perils that they faced influenced the art that they produced with their magnificent weaving.

For a moment, place yourself in the mountainous region of the Zagros Mountains of Southern Persia. Just as the first rays of the morning sun appear over the mountaintop, a lone figure standing on a rise overlooking the valley below slowly raises a long trumpet-like instrument to his lips. As the surnay player issues an extended, high-pitched blast, the encampment is instantaneously alive with activity. Simultaneously, the entire community pulls its tent stakes, and with a succession of loud thuds, what had been a city of black goat hair shelters disappears.

Less than an hour later, the entire city is on the move. Camels and donkeys grunt in protest against heavy packs carrying the folded tents, clattering cookware, and woven bags bulging with personal belongings. Out of a side of a saddlebag draped over a packhorse peer a baby goat and a small dog wedged in side-by-side. Strapped high atop a limbering cow is a wooden cage carrying three squawking hens. Young men yell and sing and swear as before them a thousand sheep slow, stop to graze, and are then persuaded to move on again. A baying donkey carries a small girl, her long colorful skirt flowing down the flanks of the animal. On her back is her infant brother. Finding the rhythm of movement, the procession, stretching over a mile long, slowly climbs up the mountainside out of the valley.

Twice each year over the past three-and-a-half centuries, this migratory scene has been reenacted by numerous clans of the Qashqai nomads. At any given moment over the next 10 weeks, over 100,000 tribespeople and 1.5 million animals will creep through desolate mountain passes or across high alpine meadows on their 300-mile trek to their winter pasturelands near the Persian Gulf.

Although the Qashqai people have never recorded their history in writing, they have passed it down through story and song for nearly a thousand years. Their legends proclaim that they came from Chinese Turkestan, sweeping across Afghanistan into Persia on the vanguard of the armies of Ghengis Khan. Once in Persia, the Qashqai chose to live in the mountainous region of Azerbaijan, in the Caucasus, far to the north of their present southern Persian location. Early in the 16th century, the Qashqai relocated to the Fars province, their habitat over the past 400 years, probably under the subjugation of Shah Isma’il, who wanted to create a human buffer against the Portuguese, threatening his Persian Gulf shore.

For the most part, a group of loosely related Turkic tribes, the actual tie between the numerous Qashqai subtribes was political in nature. Around the year 1600, under the command of Shah Abbas, Jani Agha Qashqai took on the task of bringing order to the various Qashqai groups. To achieve this, he formed the Qashqai Confederacy, an elaborate structure that survived far into the 20th century in the face of over 300 years of almost continual political upheaval in Persia.

Part of the Confederacy’s long-term stability was due to its willingness to assimilate neighboring peoples of varying ethnic origins. It provided a melting pot that embraced groups of Kurdish, Lor, Afshar, and Arab heritage. Each of these peoples had a significant effect on Qashqai rug weaving.

In actuality, the Qashqai Confederacy comprised a highly structured nation-within-a-nation. At its highest level, it was traditionally governed by “il Kahn,” a direct descendant of the family who founded it. The six major tribes (or “tava’ef”) of the Qashqai Confederacy were divided into numerous clans of several thousand families each, called “tireha.” To add organization on the community level, the Qashqai political system was further divided into herding units of 100 families, each led by a “Kadkhoda.” Finally, a “rish safid,” meaning “white beard of wisdom,” was in charge of the welfare of a group of a few households. This high level of social organization was quite unusual among the nomadic groups of southern Persia. In contrast, the Basseri, one of the neighboring Khamseh tribes, had no organization on a broader spectrum than the isolated encampment.

A strong sense of community still exists between the Qashqai people on the local level. Writing of their extended stay with the Qashqai people, American couple Jean and Franc Shor, who were also photographers for National Geographic, tell of an unfortunate shepherd named Kalish who lost his entire flock of over 100 sheep in a freak snowstorm. The Kadkhoda of the 100-family unit to which Kalish belonged immediately called an emergency meeting, to which each family brought a ram or ewe to help Kalish. As the Shors were told – “This is our way of life. We all share good and bad fortune. No Qashqai household is ever left destitute.”

The rugs that they wove are a testament to how they lived and how they endured. In my next article, I will relate how this way of life influenced the widely sought-after rugs they produced.










Today's News

February 21, 2021

THE QASHQAI WEAVERS, SPIRITED NOMADS (PART 1)

Scrapped plans for London concert hall sour mood for U.K. musicians

The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, presents 'Hockney-Van Gogh: The Joy of Nature'

The Morgan celebrates esteemed collectors Richard and Mary Gray's remarkable collection of drawings

Tang Teaching Museum receives expansive gift from Michael and Sirje Gold

Lindisfarne Gospels to go on display in the North East in 2022

Arturo Di Modica, sculptor of the Wall Street Charging Bull, dies

New book from Paul Holberton Publishing tells the fascinating story of Titian's Rape of Europa

The best and brightest urban artists from around the globe hit the streets at Heritage Auctions

Norissa Bailey to join Art Institute of Chicago as Senior Vice President People and Culture

The Final Cut: The ASU Art Museum opens the first solo exhibition of José Clemente Orozco in Arizona

Esther Woerdehoff Gallery presents a new selection of works by the Spanish duo Albarrán Cabrera

Praz-Delavallade opens its first solo show of works by Maude Maris

Heritage Auctions records more than $873 million in total 2020 sales

British Library appoints Dr Xerxes Mazda as Head of Collections and Curation

Ora-Ora presents Liu Qi and Pan Wenxun in double exhibition 'Winter Romance'

Exhibition explores the solitary experience in the context of the post-pandemic world

Crocodile Cradle launches at PEER London

Cape Ann Museum pays tribute to local pandemic victims with new COVID-19 Memorial

U-Roy, whose 'toasting' transformed Jamaican music, dies at 78

St. John's University opens two art exhibitions about 2020's unprecedented challenges

The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao exhibits three recent works by Alex Reynolds

MLB 2021: WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT THE UPCOMING BASEBALL SEASON

Fractions and its Types

Careerdigitized.com: Launch Your Work-at-Home Career

Careerdigitized: Become Better Within 10 weeks




Museums, Exhibits, Artists, Milestones, Digital Art, Architecture, Photography,
Photographers, Special Photos, Special Reports, Featured Stories, Auctions, Art Fairs,
Anecdotes, Art Quiz, Education, Mythology, 3D Images, Last Week, .

 



Founder:
Ignacio Villarreal
(1941 - 2019)
Editor & Publisher: Jose Villarreal
Art Director: Juan José Sepúlveda Ramírez
Writer: Ofelia Zurbia Betancourt

Attorneys
Truck Accident Attorneys
Accident Attorneys
Holistic Dentist
Abogado de accidentes
สล็อต
สล็อตเว็บตรง

Royalville Communications, Inc
produces:

ignaciovillarreal.org juncodelavega.com facundocabral-elfinal.org
Founder's Site. Hommage
to a Mexican poet.
Hommage
       

The First Art Newspaper on the Net. The Best Versions Of Ave Maria Song Junco de la Vega Site Ignacio Villarreal Site Parroquia Natividad del Señor
Tell a Friend
Dear User, please complete the form below in order to recommend the Artdaily newsletter to someone you know.
Please complete all fields marked *.
Sending Mail
Sending Successful